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A defensive shot is generally one that is travelling in an upward direction as it crosses the net or a shot that gives your opponent the opportunity to attack.
Under pressure you may be forced to defend to give yourself time to reposition and get yourself back into the rally.
The most common defensive shots are lifts from the forecourt or clears from the rear court.
You should avoid defending where possible as defensive shots rarely win rallies! Look for opportunities to counter attack.